What is a posterior cruciate ligament injury (PCL)?

The cruciate ligaments are found in the middle of your knee joint, forming an “X” configuration as they cross each other to connect the thigh bone (femur) and the shin bone (tibia). The posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) is found at the back of the knee and prevents the tibia from sliding too far backwards. 

The PCL is a thick, strong ligament requiring a powerful force to injure it. Therefore, it is not commonly injured in isolation. Injury mechanisms include landing on a bent knee, a direct blow to the front of the knee and over-straightening (hyperextension) of the knee. Unlike anterior cruciate ligament injuries, partial PCL tears are commonly seen. A complete PCL rupture is a serious injury often associated with damage to other structures.

What are the symptoms of PCL injury?

At the time of PCL injury, there is deep pain and rapid onset of swelling make it very difficult to walk. Once the pain and swelling have resolved your knee can feel unstable and may give way. Sometimes the symptoms are quite subtle, particularly with partial tears.

How is a PCL injury diagnosed?

The symptoms and a careful examination will usually suggest the diagnosis. An x-ray can be useful, but an MRI scan is the investigation of choice.

How is it treated?

Fortunately, most people with isolated PCL injuries don’t have knee surgical intervention. Injuries heal well and individuals can eventually return to sports without problems. Initial treatment is aimed at managing the pain and swelling through rest, analgesic/anti-inflammatory medication, ice therapy and crutches may be used to help mobility. A special knee brace, designed specifically for PCL injuries, helps prevent further instability and restores the relationship between the tibia and femur to promote PCL healing. As the pain and swelling subside, specific rehabilitation is started to restore motion, function and strength to your knee and leg. 

Surgery is recommended in severe injuries involving multiple knee ligaments including the PCL. The torn ligament is replaced with a tissue graft. This can be taken from another part of your knee or leg (autograft) or from a human cadaver donor (allograft). In the case of multiple ligament injuries, a combination of both is often required.  The advantages and disadvantages of each option will be discussed by the surgeon to choose the best graft options for each individual. It can take several months for the graft to heal to your bone. 

Physiotherapy and rehabilitation play a crucial role whether you have surgery or not. Full recovery can take up to a year, and sometimes longer with multiple ligament injuries. Although at times you may feel frustrated, commitment to therapy is the most important factor in getting back to the activities you enjoy.

If you or someone you know has suffered an injury or is experiencing pain across their lower limbs or difficulty with mobility and would like a consultant-led review, please contact us. Grosvenor Orthopaedics have extensive experience in the treatment of knee-related injuries with excellent patient outcomes.

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Grosvenor Orthopaedics have extensive experience in the treatment of knee-related injuries with excellent patient outcomes.

KNEE CONDITIONS

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KNEE TREATMENTS

If you would like to learn about other knee treatments click the button below to find out more

our KNEE SURGEONS

The Knee Service at Grosvenor Orthopaedic Partners is led by Mr Luke Jones and Mr Chethan Jayadev, both Oxford PhD educated knee surgeons with London Teaching Hospital NHS consultant posts. They provide a comprehensive range of knee procedures as part of a multidisciplinary team of healthcare professionals including highly specialised physiotherapists, all committed to returning you to optimal function.

Our team are well placed to manage and treat a diverse range of knee problems utilising cutting edge diagnostic technology and treatment approaches, both surgical and conservative. Below is an overview of some of the knee conditions we treat but for a more thorough understanding please contact our team here

MR LUKE JONES

Consultant Orthopaedic Knee Surgeon

DPhil(Oxon), FRCS(Tr&Orth), MB BS, BSc(hons)
Luke is a Consultant Knee Surgeon practising at Chelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, and the Lister Hospital, Chelsea. He runs a high volume bespoke specialist knee practice that deals with all aspects of knee surgery from minor sports injuries to complex joint reconstructions.

MR CHETHAN JAYADEV

Consultant Orthopaedic Knee Surgeon

MA(Oxon) BMBCh DPhil(PhD) FRCS(Tr&Orth)
Chethan is a Consultant Knee Surgeon practising at the world-renowned Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital Stanmore, Spire Bushey Hospital and King Edward VII’s Hospital. His practice encompasses all aspects of knee surgery, from sports injuries and knee preservation to complex and redo joint replacements. He has a reputation as a thorough, meticulous surgeon offering patients a bespoke and personalised service. He is dedicated to providing the most up-to-date and evidence-based care. Chethan is a strong advocate of patient choice and always puts patients first

MR MARK WEBB

Consultant Orthopaedic Knee Surgeon

MBBS MSc FRCS (Tr & Orth)
Mark is a Consultant Orthopaedic Surgeon with a passion for sports related injuries. He strives to not only provide excellent surgical treatments but also rounded, bespoke care that allows his patients to get back to the activities they love. This is evident in his specialist training which includes a Master’s degree in Sports Medicine from University College London to help him when treating all levels of athletes. Alongside surgical treatments, Mr. Webb offers non-operative (conservative) options including using orthobiologics, such as PRP and stem cells, to treat the symptoms of early arthritis, as well as tendon injuries. Treatment plans are tailored to the patient’s requirements and expectations using the best evidence available

MR SIMON HISLOP

Consultant Orthopaedic Knee Surgeon

MBBS MSc(Oxon) FRCS(Tr&Orth)
Simon is a Consultant Hip and Knee Surgeon practising at Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust, and the Lister Hospital, Chelsea. His high volume specialist practice encompasses primary and revision hip and knee replacement surgery, arthroscopic knee surgery, and lower limb trauma. He has a reputation as a thorough, meticulous, and skilled surgeon who always put patients first, providing tailored treatment plans for a high quality patient journey.

What some of our patients say

Mrs JS

Thank you to the whole team for getting me back on my feet again