Lumbar spinal stenosis is a condition in which narrowing of the lumbar spinal canal (stenosis) can cause pain, numbness or tingling in the buttocks and lower limbs.
It is predominantly seen in older adults and is typically due to degenerative changes in the spine. The primary cause of lumbar spinal stenosis is osteoarthritis, which leads to the formation of bone spurs, thickening of ligaments, and disc degeneration. The spinal nerve roots become trapped or compressed in the narrowed spinal canal
What are the symptoms of lumbar spinal stenosis?
Symptoms of lumbar spinal stenosis include lower back pain, leg pain, numbness, tingling, and weakness. Severe stenosis can cause symptoms of neurogenic claudication, which are characterized by pain and weakness in the lower limbs, often relieved by sitting or bending forward. Patients may experience difficulty walking or standing for extended periods.
How is lumbar spinal stenosis diagnosed?
Following a thorough history and examination, you will be referred for an MRI scan. The MRI will show the spinal stenosis and resulting nerve compression causing the symptoms.
What are the treatment options for lumbar spinal stenosis?
Management strategies for lumbar spinal stenosis range from non-surgical to surgical interventions. Non-surgical treatments include physical therapy to strengthen supporting muscles, anti-inflammatory and anti-neuropathic medications pain relief, and corticosteroid injections to reduce inflammation around the nerves.
Surgical options are considered when conservative treatments fail, and the patient experiences significant pain or functional impairment. The most common surgical procedure is a lumbar decompression, which involves removing part of the vertebrae to relieve pressure on the nerves. Surgery aims to improve mobility and quality of life by decompressing the affected nerves. Timely diagnosis and individualized treatment plans are essential to manage symptoms effectively and enhance patient outcomes.
